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Showing posts from March, 2020

RIP protocol

The Routing Information Protocol (RIP)   is one of a family of IP Routing protocols and is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) designed to distribute routing information within an Autonomous System (AS). Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a simple vector routing protocol with many existing implementations in the field. In a vector routing protocol , the routers exchange network reachability information with their nearest neighbors. In other words, the routers communicate to each other the sets of destinations ("address prefixes") that they can reach and the next-hop address to which data should be sent in order to reach those destinations. This contrasts with link-state IGPs; vectoring protocols exchange routes with one another, whereas link-state routers exchange topology information, and calculate their own routes locally. A vector routing protocol floods reachability information throughout all routers participating in the protocol, so that every router has a ro...

7 Layers of the OSI model

The 7 Layers of the OSI model OSI ( Open Systems Interconnection ) is a reference model for how applications communicate over a network. A reference model is a conceptual framework for understanding relationships. The purpose of the OSI reference model is to guide vendors and developers so the digital communication products and software programs they create can interoperate, and to facilitate a clear framework that describes the functions of a networking or telecommunication system. Most vendors involved in telecommunications make an attempt to describe their products and services in relation to the OSI model . And although it is useful for guiding discussion and evaluation, OSI is rarely actually implemented as-is. That's because few network products or standard tools keep related functions together in well-defined layers, as is the case in the OSI model. The TCP/IP protocol suite , which defines the internet, does not map cleanly to the OSI model .

Network devices

Different networking devices have different roles to play in a computer network. These network devices also work at different segments of a computer network performing different works. In our new series after network topology, we talk about different networking devices like a switch, router, hub, bridge, etc. Computer networking devices are known by different names such as networking devices , networking hardware, network equipment, etc. However, all of the names mean the same but have got different purposes. After covering different topics on network topologies and their advantages and disadvantages, we are here once again with a series on the network devices .

Network topology

The way that computers are connected to each other on a  network is topology . This is basically a Physical layout of the network ( physical layout ). The physical layout is how computers, printers, and other  devices  are connected to each other on the network. The network system was developed by combining different computers. The main purpose of this coordinate system is to use the necessary information and exchange of resources, and to do these tasks requires a well-controlled path or medium, which may be a cable or some other special system, which ensures information from beginning to end. Sure exchange. Network design is basically the right design and management of information-exchange data. How each computer is interconnected and forming a network is called  network topology . The network topology determines how data and information will flow between every station on the network. The main purpose of the  computer network  is to create data and i...

Internet Protocol (IP)

The Internet Protocol ( IP ) is a protocol, or set of rules, for routing and addressing packets of data so that they can travel across networks and arrive at the correct destination. Data traversing the Internet is divided into smaller pieces, called packets. IP information is attached to each packet, and this information helps routers to send packets to the right place. Every device or domain that connects to the Internet is assigned an IP address, and as packets are directed to the IP address attached to them, data arrives where it is needed. Once the packets arrive at their destination, they are handled differently depending on which transport protocol is used in combination with internet protocol (IP) . The most common transport protocols are TCP and UDP. An Internet protocol (IP) address is a unique identifier assigned to a device or domain that connects to the Internet. Each IP address is a series of characters, such as '192.168.1.1'. Via DNS resolvers, which ...

Virtual local area network (VLAN)

A virtual local area network ( VLAN ) is a logical group of workstations, servers, and network devices that appear to be on the same LAN despite their geographical distribution. A VLAN allows a network of computers and users to communicate in a simulated environment as if they exist in a single LAN and are sharing a single broadcast and multicast domain. virtual local area network ( VLANs ) are implemented to achieve scalability, security, and ease of network management and can quickly adapt to changes in network requirements and relocation of workstations and server nodes. Higher-end switches allow the functionality and implementation of VLANs . The purpose of implementing a virtual local area network ( VLAN ) is to improve the performance of a network or apply appropriate security features. A broadcast domain is a network segment in which if a device broadcasts a packet then all the devices in the same broadcast domain will receive it. The devices in the same broadcast domain wi...

Inter VLAN routing

Inter VLAN Routing is the process of forwarding network traffic from one VLAN to another VLAN using a router. As we know, the VLAN trunk allows you to communicate between two or more same VLAN on different switches. Same as this, Inter VLAN routing allows you to communicate between two or more completely different VLAN in the same switch or other with the help of layer device Router. Types of Inter VLAN Routing : Inter VLAN can be configured in three different ways: 1.        Traditional Method 2.        Router on stick 3.        Inter VLAN in layer 3 switch

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Network Address Translation   ( NAT )  was developed because of the explosive growth of the Internet and the increase in home and business networks—the number of available IP addresses was simply not enough. A computer must have an IP address in order to communicate with other computers on the Internet. NAT allows a single device, such as a router, to act as an agent between the Internet and the local network. This device or router provides a pool of addresses to be used by your local network. Only a single, unique IP address is required to represent this entire group of computers.

Access control List (ACL)

Access control lists (ACLs) are one of the fundamental building blocks of a network configuration. If you fully understand how Access lists are constructed and used, you're well on your way to providing adequate security to your network. However, if you fail to grasp how wildcard masks are used or how the order of operation affects Network Address Translation (NAT), then you could very well make your network the next successful target of a hacker. Understanding this topic is important, both for the test and for your career. Access control lists   (ACLs)  are used throughout many IT security policies, procedures, and technologies. An access control list is a list of objects; each entry describes the subjects that may access that object. Any access attempt by a subject to an object that does not have a matching entry on the ACL will be denied. Technologies like firewalls, routers, and any border technical access device are dependent upon access control lists in order to...

redundant array of independent disks (RAID)

RAID ( https://itnetworkzone.net/redundant-array-of-independent-disks-raid/ ) is a technology that is used to increase the performance and/or reliability of data storage. The abbreviation stands for either a Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks or Redundant Array of Independent Drives . A RAID system consists of two or more drives working in parallel. These can be hard discs, but there is a trend to also use the technology for SSD (Solid State Drives). There are different RAID levels, each optimized for a specific situation. These are not standardized by an industry group or standardization committee. This explains why companies sometimes come up with their own unique numbers and implementations.

Port Authentication

The Port Authentication page enables configuration of parameters for each port. Since some of the configuration changes are only possible while the port is in Force Authorized state, such as host authentication , it is recommended that you change the port control to Force Authorized before making changes. When the configuration is complete, return the port control to its previous state.

Cisco sd wan azure

Cisco sd wan azure  is a safe, cloud-scale engineering that is open, programmable and adaptable. Overseen through the Cisco vManage reassure you can rapidly build up an SD-WAN overlay texture to interface server farms, branches, grounds, and colocation offices to improve arrange speed,  security , and proficiency. cisco sd wan  azure   is assembled dependent on the zero-trust model and multilayer security scrambles all information for insurance from the WAN edge to the cloud. The entirety of the Cisco SD-WAN parts commonly validate one another and the entirety of the edge gadgets are approved before they are permitted into the system.

different types of WAN technologies

When deciding on a data networking service there are many different types of WAN technologies , which can be a bit overwhelming. Whether you are looking for network performance, reliability, security, speed, price, or application-specific, the types of data communication networks available are numerous. To make this decision easier we have put together a data networking services guide to explain each type of WAN technology , it features, speeds, costs, and applications that each service is best used for. Here are the business data networking services available.